1. What is Unit Weight of Timber?

Definition: Unit weight (γ) represents the weight of timber per cubic meter, typically ranging from 400–800 kg/m³ depending on wood type and moisture content.

Purpose: This calculator helps estimate the total weight of timber based on its volume and unit weight, essential for construction, transportation, and structural calculations.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( W \) — Weight of timber (kg)
• \( V \) — Volume of timber (m³)
• \( \gamma \) — Unit weight of timber (kg/m³)

Explanation: The timber volume is multiplied by its unit weight to determine total weight.

3. Importance of Timber Weight Calculation

Details: Accurate weight estimation is crucial for structural design, load calculations, transportation planning, and material handling.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the timber volume in cubic meters and select appropriate unit weight (400-600 kg/m³ for softwoods, 600-800 kg/m³ for hardwoods).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What affects timber's unit weight?
A: Wood species, moisture content, and growth conditions significantly impact unit weight.

Q2: How does moisture affect the weight?
A: Green timber weighs more than dried timber due to water content. Unit weight typically refers to air-dried timber (12-20% moisture).

Q3: What's the unit weight for common softwoods?
A: Pine typically ranges 400-600 kg/m³, spruce 350-500 kg/m³, and fir 400-550 kg/m³.

Q4: What about hardwoods?
A: Oak averages 600-800 kg/m³, beech 600-750 kg/m³, and maple 600-750 kg/m³.

Q5: Should I use higher values for structural calculations?
A: Yes, using the upper range (or adding 10%) provides a safety margin for load-bearing calculations.